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Validation disclaimer: TTP overlap, actor similarity, generated summaries, and coverage findings are investigation leads, not attribution proof or operational validation without analyst review.

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G0049 · 56 ATT&CK techniques · 19 correlated reports

OilRig

Aliases: APT34, COBALT GYPSY, Crambus, EUROPIUM, Earth Simnavaz, Evasive Serpens, Hazel Sandstorm, Helix Kitten, IRN2, ITG13, OilRig, TA452

[OilRig](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0049) is a suspected Iranian threat group that has targeted Middle Eastern and international victims since at least 2014. The group has targeted a variety of sectors, including financial, government, energy, chemical, and telecommunications. It appears the group carries out supply chain attacks, leveraging the trust relationship between organizations to attack their primary targets. The group works on behalf of the Iranian government based on infrastructure details that contain references to Iran, use of Iranian infrastructure, and targeting that aligns with nation-state interests.(Citation: FireEye APT34 Dec 2017)(Citation: Palo Alto OilRig April 2017)(Citation: ClearSky OilRig Jan 2017)(Citation: Palo Alto OilRig May 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto OilRig Oct 2016)(Citation: Unit42 OilRig Playbook 2023)(Citation: Unit 42 QUADAGENT July 2018)

Open interactive actor investigation

ATT&CK techniques

T1003.001T1003.004T1003.005T1005T1007T1008T1012T1016T1021.001T1021.004T1025T1027.005T1027.013T1033T1036T1036.005T1046T1047T1048.003T1049T1053.005T1056.001T1057T1059T1059.001T1059.003T1059.005T1068T1069.001T1069.002T1070.004T1071.001T1071.004T1078T1078.002T1082T1087.001T1087.002T1105T1110T1112T1113T1115T1119T1120T1133T1137.004T1140T1195T1201T1203T1204.001T1204.002T1218.001T1219T1497.001T1505.003T1543.003T1552.001T1553.002T1555T1555.003T1555.004T1556.002T1566.001T1566.002T1566.003T1572T1573.002T1583.001T1586.002T1587.001T1588.002T1588.003T1608.001T1686.003

Correlated CTI and IR reports

OilRig G0049
MITRE ATT&CK · direct source mappingDNS Tunneling in the Wild: Overview of OilRig's DNS Tunneling
Unit 42 · actor referenceIran-linked OilRig attacks Israeli organizations with cloud service-powered downloaders
ESET Research · actor reference1. Executive Summary
Israel Threat Actors CTI · explicit report mentionActor Deep Research Prompts
Israel Threat Actors CTI · explicit report mentionCTI Research: MuddyWater / Seedworm (Mango Sandstorm)
1200km CTI repository · explicit report mentionCTI Research: MuddyWater / Seedworm (Mango Sandstorm)
1200km CTI repository · explicit report mentionCyber Threat Intelligence Dossier: Iranian and Hamas-Aligned Operations Targeting Israeli and Allied Ecosystems (2023-2026)
Israel Threat Actors CTI · explicit report mentionDefensive CTI Research on Threats to Israeli Government and Public-Sector Environments
Israel Threat Actors CTI · explicit report mentionDefensive Cyber Threat Intelligence Report: Israeli Critical Infrastructure and Geopolitical Escalation (2024-2026)
Israel Threat Actors CTI · explicit report mentionExecutive Summary
Israel Threat Actors CTI · explicit report mentionIsrael Government Threat Actors CTI: Evidentiary Foundation Intake
Israel Threat Actors CTI · explicit report mentionMalicious Activity as a Statistical Signal: A Detection Engineering Analysis of Anomaly-Based Detection
1200km CTI repository · explicit report mentionOilRig (APT34 / Helix Kitten / Earth Simnavaz etc)
Israel Threat Actors CTI · explicit report mentionRelease Notes
Israel Threat Actors CTI · explicit report mentionReport Index
Israel Threat Actors CTI · explicit report mentionResearch Intake Upgrade Summary
Israel Threat Actors CTI · explicit report mentionAPT and financial attacks on industrial organizations in H2 2023
Kaspersky ICS CERT · actor contextOilRig APT 2025
Brandefense · actor context

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Interactive AdversaryGraph AdversaryGraph documentation CTI Analyst Field Manual Israel Threat Actors CTI Anomaly Detection Atlas Insider Threat Detection Guide 1200km Medium research

Cyber Knowledge routes

These contextual routes explain behaviors associated with this ATT&CK group record. They support learning and investigation planning; they do not add attribution evidence.

Module 1 — Foundations: What CTI Is
Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) · explicit-idModule 3 — Core Frameworks Models
Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) · explicit-idModule 8 — Operationalizing CTI (CTI → Detection)
Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) · explicit-idModule 4 — Detection engineering and detection as code
Blue Team & Defensive Security · explicit-idDependencies, source control, builds, artifacts, and supply-chain assurance
Secure Code & Application Security · explicit-idExploitability validation and laboratory exploit engineering
Vulnerability Research & Exploit Development · explicit-idModule 7 — Privilege, lateral movement, and controlled impact
Red Team & Offensive Security · explicit-nameModule 7 — Endpoint defense and EDR
Blue Team & Defensive Security · explicit-nameControlled dynamic behavior and differential observation
Malware Analysis & Reverse Engineering · explicit-nameWindows endpoint and identity forensics
Digital Forensics & Incident Response (DFIR) · explicit-nameModule 5 — Threat hunting
Blue Team & Defensive Security · explicit-nameWeb, API, mobile, and application reconnaissance
OSINT & Reconnaissance · explicit-name