G1051 · ATT&CK 20.0 group
Medusa Group
Aliases: Medusa Group
[Medusa Group](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1051) has been active since at least 2021 and was initially operated as a closed ransomware group before evolving into a Ransomware-as-a-Service (RaaS) operation. Some reporting indicates that certain attacks may still be conducted directly by the ransomware’s core developers. Public sources have also referred to the group as “Spearwing” or “Medusa Actors.” (Citation: CISA Medusa Group Medusa Ransomware March 2025) (Citation: Broadcom Medusa Ransomware Medusa Group March 2025) [Medusa Group](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1051) employs living-off-the-land techniques, frequently leveraging publicly available tools and common remote management software to conduct operations. The group engages in double extortion tactics, exfiltrating data prior to encryption and threatening to publish stolen information if ransom demands are not met. (Citation: Security Scorecard Medusa Ransomware January 2024) For initial access, [Medusa Group](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G1051) has exploited publicly known vulnerabilities, conducted phishing campaigns, and used credentials or access purchased from Initial Access Brokers (IABs). The group is opportunistic and has targeted a wide range of sectors globally. (Citation: Intel471 Medusa Ransomware May 2025)
Aliases: Medusa Group
ATT&CK techniques
T1003.001T1003.003T1016T1018T1021.001T1027.002T1027.010T1033T1046T1047T1057T1059.001T1059.003T1069.002T1070.003T1070.004T1071.001T1072T1078T1082T1083T1087.001T1090.003T1105T1106T1112T1135T1136.002T1190T1218.014T1219T1486T1489T1490T1505.003T1518.001T1529T1543.003T1548.002T1553.002T1559.001T1564.003T1567.002T1569.002T1570T1573.002T1583.006T1585.001T1585.002T1588.002T1608.002T1650T1652T1657T1685T1686T1690
Attack tools, simulations and detection rules
Follow explicit source relationships into the reference modules. Linked procedures and detectors are not claims of live validation or actor attribution.
- Mimikatz tool reference — Explicit actor uses software relationship in pinned ATT&CK
- PsExec tool reference — Explicit actor uses software relationship in pinned ATT&CK
- certutil tool reference — Explicit actor uses software relationship in pinned ATT&CK
- Rclone tool reference — Explicit actor uses software relationship in pinned ATT&CK
- T1003.001 LSASS Memory simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1003.001 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1003.003 NTDS simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1003.003 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1016 System Network Configuration Discovery simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1016 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1018 Remote System Discovery simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1018 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1021.001 Remote Desktop Protocol simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1021.001 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1027.002 Software Packing simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1027.002 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1027.010 Command Obfuscation simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1027.010 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1033 System Owner/User Discovery simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1033 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1046 Network Service Discovery simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1046 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1047 Windows Management Instrumentation simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1047 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1057 Process Discovery simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1057 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1059.001 PowerShell simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1059.001 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1059.003 Windows Command Shell simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1059.003 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1069.002 Domain Groups simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1069.002 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1070.003 Clear Command History simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1070.003 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1070.004 File Deletion simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1070.004 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1071.001 Web Protocols simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1071.001 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1072 Software Deployment Tools simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1072 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1078 Valid Accounts simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1078 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1082 System Information Discovery simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1082 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1083 File and Directory Discovery simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1083 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1087.001 Local Account simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1087.001 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1090.003 Multi-hop Proxy simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1090.003 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1105 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1106 Native API simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1106 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1112 Modify Registry simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1112 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1135 Network Share Discovery simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1135 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1136.002 Domain Account simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1136.002 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1190 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1218.014 MMC simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1218.014 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1219 Remote Access Tools simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1219 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1486 Data Encrypted for Impact simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1486 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1489 Service Stop simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1489 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1490 Inhibit System Recovery simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1490 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1505.003 Web Shell simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1505.003 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1518.001 Security Software Discovery simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1518.001 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1529 System Shutdown/Reboot simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1529 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1543.003 Windows Service simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1543.003 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1548.002 Bypass User Account Control simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1548.002 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1553.002 Code Signing simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1553.002 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1559.001 Component Object Model simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1559.001 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1564.003 Hidden Window simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1564.003 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1567.002 Exfiltration to Cloud Storage simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1567.002 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1569.002 Service Execution simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1569.002 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1570 Lateral Tool Transfer simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1570 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1573.002 Asymmetric Cryptography simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1573.002 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1583.006 Web Services simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1583.006 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1585.001 Social Media Accounts simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1585.001 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1585.002 Email Accounts simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1585.002 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1588.002 Tool simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1588.002 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1608.002 Upload Tool simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1608.002 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1650 Acquire Access simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1650 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1652 Device Driver Discovery simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1652 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1657 Financial Theft simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1657 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1685 Disable or Modify Tools simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1685 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1686 Disable or Modify System Firewall simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1686 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
- T1690 Prevent Command History Logging simulation — Exact active technique ID
- T1690 detection rules — Exact active technique ID; not actor-specific detector coverage
Cyber Knowledge routes
These contextual routes explain behaviors associated with this ATT&CK group record. They support learning and investigation planning; they do not add attribution evidence.
Module 1 — Foundations: What CTI Is
Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) · explicit-idModule 3 — Core Frameworks Models
Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) · explicit-idModule 8 — Operationalizing CTI (CTI → Detection)
Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) · explicit-idModule 4 — Detection engineering and detection as code
Blue Team & Defensive Security · explicit-idExploitability validation and laboratory exploit engineering
Vulnerability Research & Exploit Development · explicit-idModule 5 — Threat hunting
Blue Team & Defensive Security · explicit-nameWindows endpoint and identity forensics
Digital Forensics & Incident Response (DFIR) · explicit-nameModule 11 — Mobile and thick-client security
Red Team & Offensive Security · explicit-nameWeakness taxonomy and vulnerability identity
Vulnerability Research & Exploit Development · topic-matchData classification, storage, cryptography, keys, backup, and deletion
Cloud Security · topic-matchCloud logging, detection engineering, ATT CK, and response automation
Cloud Security · topic-matchEmbedded, firmware, hardware, and update-chain research
Vulnerability Research & Exploit Development · topic-match
Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) · explicit-idModule 3 — Core Frameworks Models
Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) · explicit-idModule 8 — Operationalizing CTI (CTI → Detection)
Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) · explicit-idModule 4 — Detection engineering and detection as code
Blue Team & Defensive Security · explicit-idExploitability validation and laboratory exploit engineering
Vulnerability Research & Exploit Development · explicit-idModule 5 — Threat hunting
Blue Team & Defensive Security · explicit-nameWindows endpoint and identity forensics
Digital Forensics & Incident Response (DFIR) · explicit-nameModule 11 — Mobile and thick-client security
Red Team & Offensive Security · explicit-nameWeakness taxonomy and vulnerability identity
Vulnerability Research & Exploit Development · topic-matchData classification, storage, cryptography, keys, backup, and deletion
Cloud Security · topic-matchCloud logging, detection engineering, ATT CK, and response automation
Cloud Security · topic-matchEmbedded, firmware, hardware, and update-chain research
Vulnerability Research & Exploit Development · topic-match